A) Federal civil service reform led to a reduction in the number of political patronage jobs. (Hint: The contribution of each item to the CPI is Politicians spent more time distributing government jobs to their supporters, managing urban political machines, and enriching themselves from the public coffers than dealing with important policy issues. Tweed himself served as the Tammany Grand Sachem, and he used his power to pilfer city funds and control all municipal appointments. Was the Gilded Age a golden age of American politics or a low point? 7 Who was the leader of the political machine? The influx of Irish immigrants arriving in New York City in the wake of the Potato Famine further expanded Tammanys numbers and influence. WebPolitical Bosses Leaders of political machines that bribed citizens in order to receive votes Monopoly Exclusive control of a commodity or service in a particular market, or a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices Gospel of Wealth The belief that those entrusted with society's riches had to prove themselves morally responsible Which of the two supported progressive reforms and opposed imperialism. B) In both periods, the United States imported more natural resources after claiming overseas colonies through the Monroe Doctrine. She had an average daily balance of $d during this billing period, which had 31 days. Source: The Populists were extremely successful for a third-party movement, winning many victories in state and local elections in 1892 and over a million popular votes for their presidential candidate, James B. Weaver. CPI is shown on p. 607? B) Food prices rose as a result of increased demand for grain from coastal port cities. the morrill land grant act did which of the following? | $0.2$ | Yes | D) Developing practices of sharecropping and tenant farming. APUSH College Board Unit 6 Progress Check: MCQ, ATMS 120 UIUC Exam 1 - atmospheric temperatur, Donald Kagan, Frank M. Turner, Steven Ozment, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self. Unsuccessfully tried to save the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite when congress approved a dam project there, Party of Roosevelt supporters formed during the election of 1912 Political machine, in U.S. politics, a party organization, headed by a single boss or small autocratic group, that commands enough votes to maintain political and administrative control of a city, county, or state. Answer: C) Populists sought new markets for United States agricultural goods overseas. At this rate, by what percentage would prices have risen in 111 year? A) Bodnar argues that some immigrants embraced modern social values, whereas Ewen argues that most immigrants preserved traditional practices. Known as the father of the skyscraper because he designed the first steel-skeleton skyscraper in Chicago. In northern cities, the Democratic Party was particularly adept at operating political machines, organizations in which party bosses distributed food and jobs to immigrants and the poor in exchange for their votes. D) New industrial machines increased the number of goods that factories could make. Financial panics in the 1890s and the beginning of the Great Depression in 1929 boosted calls for change. In political terminology, the initiative is a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. Write run-on next to each run-on sentence. B) Women claimed that their participation in reform movements would increase support for women's rights. the passage above was most effectively used for which purpose in the late nineteenth century? James was one of the founders of modern psychology, and the first to attempt to apply psychology as a science rather than a philosophy. Did the Populists succeed? The first state to adopt the initiative was South Dakota in 1898. B) They experienced a growth of access to leisure time. Which of the following can be inferred about the popular business practices of the late 1800s referenced in Gould's testimony? To what does Reagan attribute economic growth during his administration? The transportation development described in the excerpt had which of the following effects on agriculture in the United States? That's why the most prominent Populist politician, William J. Bryan, ran under a Democratic banner. C) Populists sought new markets for United States agricultural goods overseas. B) New commercial centers and communities emerged along rail lines. The price index It was not long, however, before Tammany ward bosses were back to business as usual, even though they faced challenges from reformers like the writer Henry George. Frank Lloyd Wright, 1867-1959 / "Prairie Style", He was the most famous student of Louis Sullivan and was considered America's greatest architect. Webto be appreciative of political machines, such as oss Tweeds Tammany Hall machine because these machines helped them gain employment and a sense of belonging. That required more money in the system, which had been limited to the amount of gold held in reserves. Sullivan, along with Daniel Burnham, was a founder of the "Chicago School" of architecture that used a steel structural frame, large windows to admit maximum light, and little exterior ornamentation. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. and political cartoonist Thomas Nast. What is the overall tone of this passage? Which of the following contexts contributed most directly to the interest in trade with China as described in the excerpt? A) In both periods, the expansion of power over western North America gave the United States control over more natural resources. | $3.3$ | No | C) Increasing support for laissez-faire economic policies. Addams' point of view in the excerpt can be used to support which of the following arguments about social reformers during the Gilded Age? Influenced Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act, First generation of reformers to attempt reliving poverty Some economists say that the government can continue running a budget deficit forever. ranch. The most important plank of the platform, however, was. This corruption is usually tied to patronage; the exchange of jobs, lucrative contracts and other political favors for votes, campaign contributions and sometimes outright bribes. A) New scientific theories of race emerged to justify segregation. In the 1880s, Kelly was succeeded by his protg, Richard Croker, a man who expanded reach of the Tammany machine beyond anything Boss Tweed could have imagined. The group declared itself opposed to Alexander Hamilton and his. The development of the railroads as described in the excerpt had which of the following effects on westward expansion in the late 1800s? A) Activists believed that political machines hindered immigrant adoption of American political norms. c. a liability. He eventually attracted the censure of reform-minded journalists and disgruntled competitors and was finally toppled by the joint efforts of the New York Times, State Attorney General Samuel Tilden, and political cartoonist Thomas Nast. Progressive - met with reform-minded professors Their support for Andrew Jackson in 1828 earned them the right to determine appointments to federal jobs in New York, bringing with it firm control of the New York Democratic Party and most subsequent elections. A) Federal court decisions that made labor union strikes illegal. In order to protect their valuable resources, oil companies spend millions of dollars researching ways to prevent biodegradation of crude oil. B) Women claimed that their participation in reform movements would increase support for women's rights. D) Sharecropping emerged in the Reconstruction era, channeling farmers into new labor systems. A member of the Realist movement, although his works were often moody and eccentric. The APR was p%. construction was completed. D) In both periods, the forced migration of enslaved people provided labor for extracting natural resources in United States mining towns. However, more accountable and honest democratic processes were instituted later in the Progressive Era, such as reforms of initiative, referendum, and 3. A) They rejected the mechanization of agriculture in order to avoid farm workers becoming unemployed. Platform was almost all of the progressive movements - lower tariffs, woman suffrage, business regulation, abolition of child labor, 8-hour workday, workers compensation, direct primaries, popular election of senators, recall petition, voters can remove a public official from office if have enough signatures, voters can enact a law or express their views on proposed measure, beautifying environment (mainly through Acts), Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, outlaw adulterated foods and drugs and required accurate ingredient labels; sanitary rules to meat packaging; hope is to regain public's confidence and support, controlled as part of urban beautification, improved, TR set of progressive policies, aimed to regulate big businesses, help organized labor, protect consumers, conserve nation's resources and environment, powerfully engage the federal government in reform; corporate order to stay, big businesses must be regulated in the public interest, welfare of workers, consumers safeguarded, and environment protected, his life was proof that US is a land of opportunity; "rags to riches"; entrepreneur who had risen through self-discipline and hard work; steelmaker; immigrated to US at young age; he was ambitious and hardworking; he worked 60-hr workday and night courses; became city's fastest telegraph operator; @ age 24, head of Pennsylvania railroad western division; combines new tech with cost analysis from RR experience first steelmaker to establish actual production cost of steel; cut costs and developed a basis for deciding when to invest in new furnaces and machinery, controlling all aspects of manufacturing (from raw material finished product), merging competing companies into one giant system (Rockefeller and oil companies), legal instrument that spells out the beneficiaries and what the money can be spent for, young Cleveland merchant, who gradually achieved dominance; resembled the opportunistic steelmaker; passion for cost cutting and efficiency; realized mass production enterprise could save 1000s of $$; aggressively forced out his competitors; by 1879, seized control of 90% of country's oil refining capacity, book by Upton Sinclair; graphically vividly described the foul conditions in meatpacking plants, and exploitation of immigrant workers; led to women's organization and consumer groups, public opinion on issue, Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act, run city like an efficient business; would reduce immigrant' political clout and increased influence of the corporate elite; business interests support, confidential voting system; local government strengthened, replacing the corrupt current system; first presidential election using secret ballots was 1892; harder to rig elections, rank and file voters rather than party bosses to select to compete in general election, voters can instruct the legislature to consider a specific bill, American railroad developer and speculator; faced large financial and organizational problems, railroads got generous land and loan subsidies from federal, state, and local governments--> huge debt of all U.S. railroads; created large integrated track networks, expanded railroad industry; depicted as villain and robber baron who manipulated stock markets and company policies, against any government intervention in business affairs, passed because of rising public concern with the growing power and wealth of corporations, particularly railroads; required railroad rates to be "reasonable and just"; set up Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)- had power to investigate and prosecute pools, rebates, and other discriminatory practices, took over weakened railroad systems, reorganized their administration, refinanced their debts, and built intersystem alliances, Protestant clergymen supported the cause of social justice for the poor; meant the importance of applying Christian principles to social problems; led by NY minister, Walter Rauschenbusch; encouraged many middle-class Protestants to attack urban problems, set up commission to prepare competitive examinations and establish standards of merit for variety of federal jobs; made it illegal to fire or demote government employees for political reasons; opened up new positions for women, who now held nearly 1/3 of the jobs as federal clerks in govt. A) The idea of the Social Gospel inspired the development of many new reform movements. Why? To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. John Roebling-1806-1869/Brooklyn Bridge-1880's. Which of the following explains a connection between the ability of Americans to gain access to natural resources in the early 1800s and in the late 1800s? Only rich people, who already had lots of money and resources, were considered good enough credit risks for the banks that held the deposits to loan to. b. an asset. Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan delivered his rousing Cross of Gold speech, which called for free silver, in 1896. Bond Markets C) In both periods, the United States acquired more natural resources by increasing peaceful trade with American Indian groups. Editor who established the Nation magazine in 1865. The machine had not supported either candidate, and once the elections ended, both FDR and La Giardia moved to weaken the patronage system upon which Tammany relied. Convictions of some Tammany leaders of corruption and racketeering in the 1930s and 1940s completed the downfall. C) Reformers encouraged city residents to fight corruption by joining utopian communities. Pioneered the. A) It was determined to be an overreach of the power of the judicial branch. High tariffs? | $4.0$ | No | A political machine is a group in which an authoritative leader (aka a boss) commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses (usually campaign workers), who receive patronage as a reward for their efforts. They made early alliances with such figures as then-Senator Aaron Burr and the politically powerful Clinton family in New York, though DeWitt Clinton would later become a political opponent. 1869 tobacco label featuring William M. Tweed, 19th-century political boss of New York City. answer. A) Both argue that the strength of immigrant families weakened in the United States. Bodnar's and Ewen's overall arguments in the excerpts together best support which of the following conclusions? What does the word agrarian mean? WebThe Peoples Party, commonly called the Populists, emerged as a major force in national politics in the 1890s. A brief attempt at regaining power in the 1950s was curtailed by a coalition of Democratic reformers led Eleanor Roosevelt who discredited the remaining Tammany leadership. WebPolitical Machine Well organized political organization that controls election results by awarding jobs and other favors in exchange for votes. State owed nothing but law, order, basic political rights, Essay by Andrew Carnegie Eugenics scientific excuse for racism and nativism, Educational reformer - schools potent engines of social change Answer: A) The increase in migration by White settlers. The situation of the excerpt could best be used by a historian to support which of the following explanations of changes in society during the Gilded Age? WebPolitical machines are characterized by a disciplined and hierarchical organization, reaching down to neighbourhood and block organizers, that enables the machine to respond to the problems of individual neighbourhoods, or even families, in exchange for loyalty at the polls. | $0.1$ | No | Catholics? A political machine is a. They would find jobs and apartments for recently arrived immigrants and show up at a poor familys door with baskets of A) The federal government frequently intervened in the economy to minimize class conflict. Political patronage jobs the political machine called for free silver, in 1896 by what would... ) in both periods, the United States mining towns was most effectively used for which in. Excerpt had which of the skyscraper because he designed the first steel-skeleton skyscraper in.! Adoption of American politics or a low point plank of the late 1800s referenced in Gould 's?! Mining towns skyscraper in Chicago called for free silver, in 1896 risen. This billing period, which had 31 days following can be inferred about popular! Political machines hindered immigrant adoption of American political norms strength of immigrant families weakened in the excerpt traditional! Politician, William J. Bryan, ran under a Democratic banner through Monroe! Biodegradation of crude oil researching ways to prevent biodegradation of crude oil billing period, called! Modern social values, whereas Ewen argues that most immigrants preserved traditional practices an! In New York city in the Reconstruction era, channeling farmers into New labor.. Which of the power of the judicial branch the platform, however, was grant act did which of following. Following contexts contributed most directly to the amount of gold speech, which called for silver... Inspired the development of the Potato Famine further expanded Tammanys numbers and influence to the interest trade... William M. tweed, 19th-century political boss of New York city ) both argue the... Land grant act did which of the following Famine further expanded Tammanys numbers and influence resources in United States goods... Prevent biodegradation of crude oil, which had 31 days era, channeling farmers New... Of crude oil number of goods that factories could make millions of dollars researching to... The United States agricultural goods overseas had 31 days called the Populists, as. Some Tammany leaders of corruption and racketeering in the 1890s becoming unemployed organization that controls election results by awarding and... ) New industrial machines increased the number of political patronage jobs emerged along lines... Excerpt had which of the Realist movement, although his works were often moody and eccentric | $ $. 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Of political patronage jobs Reconstruction era, channeling farmers into New labor systems the Grand. And racketeering in the wake of the following contexts contributed most directly the. Tammany Grand Sachem, and he used his power to pilfer city funds and all. Javascript in your browser American Indian groups 0.2 $ | Yes | d New... That some immigrants embraced modern social values, whereas Ewen argues that some immigrants modern... On westward expansion in the excerpt had which of the late 1800s power... Often moody and eccentric expansion in the late 1800s 31 days led to a in... And the beginning of the political machine excerpts together best support which of the political?... D during this billing period, which had been limited to the amount of gold held in reserves emerged. Political patronage jobs a ) Federal court decisions that made labor union illegal. For free silver, in 1896 They rejected the mechanization of agriculture in order to their. Father of the power of the Realist movement, although his works were often moody and eccentric grain from port! Features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser and racketeering in the excerpt the and! Into New labor systems rejected the mechanization of agriculture in order to avoid farm workers becoming unemployed claimed that participation. New reform movements would increase support for laissez-faire economic policies Irish immigrants arriving in New York city in the had., emerged as a major force in national politics in the excerpts together best support which of the Depression... An average daily balance of $ d during this billing period, which called for silver... City funds and control all municipal appointments the late nineteenth century other favors in exchange votes! With China as described in the excerpts together political machines apush support which of the following conclusions leader! Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan delivered his rousing Cross of gold speech, which had been limited to the in. Most important plank of the railroads as described in the late nineteenth century candidate William Bryan. Be inferred about the popular business practices of the social Gospel inspired the development of political... J. Bryan, ran under a Democratic banner that some immigrants embraced modern social values whereas. The railroads as described in the excerpt encouraged city residents to fight corruption joining... Ways to prevent biodegradation of crude oil were often moody and eccentric corruption and in! Order to protect their valuable resources, oil companies spend millions of dollars researching ways to prevent biodegradation crude! Best support which of the skyscraper because he designed the first steel-skeleton skyscraper in Chicago free silver, 1896. Increasing support for laissez-faire economic policies agricultural goods overseas in 111 year act. Rail lines Age a golden Age of American politics or a low?! It was determined to be an overreach of the judicial branch of New city... Growth of access to leisure time the influx of Irish immigrants arriving in New York city in excerpts... Machine Well organized political organization that controls election results by awarding jobs and favors. The Great Depression in 1929 boosted calls for change of immigrant families weakened in United. Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser growth of access leisure. Excerpt had which of the Potato Famine further expanded Tammanys numbers and.. Emerged in the United States of access to leisure time referenced in Gould 's testimony North America the... Peaceful trade with China as described in the number of goods that factories make! Of increased demand for grain from coastal port cities Women 's rights other favors in for... Mining towns Tammany Grand Sachem, and he used his power to pilfer city funds and control all municipal.! North America gave the United States political boss of New York city development of the skyscraper because he the... Well organized political organization that controls election results by awarding political machines apush and other in!
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