Laos is simply one of those places that will capture your heart for years to come. Trekking in Luang Namtha Vientiane has a total area of 3,920 square km and an average elevation of 174 m. The city experiences a tropical savanna climate. Laos produced tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina's exports. Vakulchuk, R., Chan, H.Y., Kresnawan, M.R., Merdekawati, M., Overland, I., Sagbakken, H.F., Suryadi, B., Utama, N.A. His reign is often regarded as Laos's golden age. Tuy nhin, cng ty ch giao dch c 216.678 c phiu theo phng thc tha thun do cha t k vng v gi. [47] Between 1964 and 1973, the US dropped two million tons of bombs on Laos, nearly equal to the 2.1million tons of bombs the US dropped on Europe and Asia during all of World War II, making Laos the most heavily bombed country in history relative to the size of its population; The New York Times notes this was "nearly a ton for every person in Laos". [12] Its capital and largest city is Vientiane. A man who lost land and property to the Laos-China railway project near the capital said he has yet to receive any promised money. Since July, 2021 the United States has shared 2,908,440 safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine doses with the people of Laos - free of cost. As a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries. Over the years, Vientiane has experienced civil wars, internal conflicts, and agitations which ultimately led to the freedom of Laos from French rule, and then from monarchial rule in 1975. An "urban" village is essentially a town.[58]. Authorities in Laos have reported a significant Covid-19 outbreak near the notorious Kings Romans casino, whose Chinese owner is accused by the United States of trafficking people, wildlife and drugs. Five of them were arrested and subsequently sentenced to up to 10 years imprisonment on charges of treason. There is limited external and internal telecommunication, but mobile phones have become widespread. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications", "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", Politics in Contemporary Southeast Asia: Authority, Democracy and Political Change, Renovation in Vietnam since 1988 a study in political, economic and social change, "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity", "Mekong Divides Different Worlds In 'Golden Triangle', "Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia", "East Asia/Southeast Asia:: Laos The World Factbook Central Intelligence Agency", "Laos promotes PM Thongloun as leader of communist party", "OEC Laos (LAO) Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners", "Q+A What is the East Asia Summit all about? Foreign enterprises must report on their performance annually and submit annual financial statements to MPI. [139]:8 Electricity is available to 93% of the population. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. There are two plateaux, the Xiangkhoang in the north and the Bolaven Plateau at the southern end. [1] These earliest human migrants are Australo-Melanesians associated with the Hoabinhian cultureand have populated the highlands . Vientiane is located at 17.9757, 102.6331, at an elevation of 570 ft. AFP. Other Hmong fighters hid out in mountains in Xiangkhouang Province for many years, with a remnant emerging from the jungle in 2003. Bounchao Pichit, "Laos Cinema," in David Hanan, ed., General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, Politburo of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, "Results of Population and Housing Census 2015", "Lao People's Democratic Republic's Constitution of 1991 with Amendments through 2003", https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf, "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2022", "Lao People's Democratic Republic and the WTO", "China train project runs roughshod over Laos", "Laos approves Xayaburi 'mega' dam on Mekong", "Laos Securities Exchange to start trading", "10 Things You Need to Know Before Visiting Laos", "Anatomically modern human in Southeast Asia (Laos) by 46 ka", "Archaeological Investigations in northern Laos: New contributions to Southeast Asian prehistory", "History and Practice of Archaeology in Laos", Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014). The constitution and Family Code bar the legal recognition of polygamous marriages, stipulating that monogamy is the principal form of marriage in the country. Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. The main investor is Thailand. A coup d'tat in 1960 in the Lao capital, Vientiane, deepened the country's political instability. "Laos agrees to voluntary repatriation of refugees in Thailand", U.P.I., 5 June 1991. [122] Rice dominates agriculture, with about 80% of the arable land area used for growing rice. Take more wonderful experiences in this Mystery . "Last month, they the authorities told us they're going to . Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. He has been General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, a position making him the de facto leader of Laos, since January 2021. Patuxay, Vientiane Laos, Sunrise in the morning at at Patuxai. Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009. However, the latter is considered pejorative, meaning 'slave'. The major roads connecting to urban centres, in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years. Laos's first French-written and monarchical constitution was promulgated on 11 May 1947, and declared Laos an independent state within the French Union. [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. In 1893, the three territories came under a French protectorate and were united to form what is now known as Laos. [183] Since the start of the league, Lao Army F.C. The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. Luang Prabang and Vat Phou are both UNESCO World Heritage sites. Laos is a member of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, the ASEAN, East Asia Summit, and La Francophonie. Vientiane: Laos' Capital City . [154] Healthy life expectancy was 54 years in 2007. [81] Debate on the issue escalated quickly. The Thai government attempted to repatriate these refugees, but the Wat Tham Krabok Hmong refused to leave and the Lao government refused to accept them, claiming they were involved in the illegal drug trade and were of non-Lao origin. For example, Article 8 makes it clear that Laos is a multinational state and is committed to equality between ethnic groups. [78] Of those Hmong who did return to Laos, some quickly escaped back to Thailand, describing discrimination and brutal treatment at the hands of Lao authorities. [49] Due to the particularly heavy impact of cluster bombs during this war, Laos was a strong advocate of the Convention on Cluster Munitions to ban the weapons and was host to the First Meeting of States Parties to the convention in November 2010. [65] The Mekong River is vital as a transportation route for cargo and passengers, a source of electricity at dams, a water supply for crops, and a home to fish . [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a . Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. The mountainous geography of Laos had impeded Laos's ground transportation development throughout the 20th century. Laos is a landlocked country located in the Indochinese Peninsula. Southeast Asia is a region in the southern part of Asia that is composed of 11 countries: Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand . [141] Access rose rapidly from 10 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008. [121] The irrigated areas under cultivation account for only 28% of the total area under cultivation which, in turn, represents only 12% of all of the agricultural land in 2012. Vientiane, the capital city of Laos in the 1990s. Capital: Vientiane. Laosul i are originile n Imperiul Lan Xang ce a existat ntre secolele XIV i XVIII.. Dup o perioad de apartenen la Imperiul Colonial . Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. Its thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,818 metres (9,245ft), with some plains and plateaus. [126] In addition, the country's plentiful water resources and mountainous terrain enable it to produce and export large quantities of hydroelectric energy. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report By Sebastian Strangio A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China . The politically and culturally dominant Lao people make up 53.2% of the population, mostly in the lowlands. Under Vietnamese pressure, he rebelled against the Siamese in 1826. It has failed to qualify for the FIFA World Cup or the AFC Asian Cup, but has participated in minor competitions like the AFC Solidarity Cup and the AFF Championship. Most of the population (63%) resides within . Only 4% of the country is arable land and a mere 0.3% used as permanent crop land,[120] the lowest percentage in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The new China-Laos passenger and freight railway, serviced by an Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train, stretches 1,035 kilometers (643 miles) and was designed to link Vientiane with Kunming, capital . This slim paperback by Sam Brier and Phouphanomlack (Tee) Sangkhampone boasts an intuitive, sound-based way to learn the written Lao alphabet and sounds of the Lao language. Area 236,800 sq km (91,400 sq miles) Major languages Lao, French. [155] Government expenditure on health is about four percent of GDP,[155] about US$18 (PPP) in 2006. The remainder, particularly in rural areas, speak ethnic minority languages. [42] By 1943, the Vietnamese population stood at nearly 40,000, forming the majority in the largest cities of Laos and enjoying the right to elect its own leaders. He encouraged a renaissance of Lao fine arts and literature and improved relations with Luang Phrabang. [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to generate 16% of total exports or US$270.3million in 2010, growing in nominal terms to US$484.2million (12.5% of the total) in 2020. The capital is Vientiane (Lao: Viangchan), located on the Mekong River in the northern portion of the country. 3, "Through Chaos to a New Order", in, Sanda Simms, ch. Laos(nume oficial: Republica Popular Democrat Laos) este un stat fr ieire la mare din Asia de Sud-Est, ce se nvecineaz cu Birmania (Myanmar) i China la nord-est, cu Vietnamul la est, cu Cambodgia la sud i cu Thailanda la vest. [114][115][116], The Lao economy depends on investment and trade with its neighbours, Thailand, Vietnam, and, especially in the north, China. Laos is the only landlocked nation in Southeast Asia. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. [53] In 1979, there were 50,000 PAVN troops stationed in Laos and as many as 6,000 civilian Vietnamese officials including 1,000 directly attached to the ministries in Vientiane. [166], Australian filmmaker Kim Mordount's first feature film was made in Laos and features a Laotian cast speaking their native language. ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) Policy Brief Series, No 7. Great day in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. Mapcarta, the open map. 900-1300 AD - Most of Laos is subordinate to the Khmer Empire at Angkor. [71] In 2005 it attended the inaugural East Asia Summit. The Tai-Kadai Languages, ":: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c. [citation needed], Laos's emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other countries including Russia, China, Thailand, Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan and Switzerland. 1 Vientiane the increasingly busy capital on the banks of the Mekong River; 2 Huay Xai in the north, on the Mekong and the border with Thailand; 3 Luang Namtha capital of the north, known for its trekking; 4 Luang Prabang a UNESCO World Heritage City known for its numerous temples, colonial era architecture, and vibrant night market; 5 Muang Xay also known as . Set at the point where the Mekong and Nam Khan rivers meet, Luang Prabang stands in front of a backdrop of a magnificent hilltop temple. [43] As late as 1945, the French drew up an ambitious plan to move massive Vietnamese population to three key areas, i.e., the Vientiane Plain, Savannakhet region, and the Bolaven Plateau, which was only derailed by the Japanese invasion of Indochina. For example, Laotian music is dominated by its national musical instrument, the khaen, a type of bamboo mouth organ that has prehistoric origins. . The Lao Securities Exchange (LSX) began operations in 2011 with two stocks listed, both state-owned - the Banque Pour l'CommerceExterieur (BCEL), and the power generation arm of . Browse 13,220 laos capital stock photos and images available, or search for laos culture or thailand to find more great stock photos and pictures. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. [35] Anouvong was taken to Bangkok as a prisoner, where he died. Amnesty International raised concerns about the ratification record of the Lao government on human rights standards and its lack of co-operation with the UN human rights mechanisms and legislative measuresboth impact negatively upon human rights. The rebellion failed, and Vientiane was ransacked. [50], In 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975. During World War II, the city was briefly captured by Japan, but quickly recaptured by the French. 4 min. [57], Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia, and it lies mostly between latitudes 14 and 23N (a small area is south of 14), and longitudes 100 and 108E. [60] The country is one of four in the opium poppy growing region known as the "Golden Triangle". Other Buddhist holy places are Wat Ong . It consists of an irregularly round portion in the north that narrows into a peninsula-like region stretching to the southeast. [14] It is a one-party socialist republic, espousing MarxismLeninism and governed by the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, under which non-governmental organisations have routinely characterised the country's human rights record as poor, citing repeated abuses such as torture, restrictions on civil liberties and persecution of minorities. Hanoi shares experience with Lao NA delegation. In 2009, despite the fact that the government is still officially communist, the Obama administration in the US declared Laos was no longer a MarxistLeninist state and lifted bans on Laotian companies receiving financing from the US Export-Import Bank.[117][118]. Soukvimarn is one of the older restaurants in Vientiane and a local favorite. [27] Burial jars and other kinds of sepulchers suggest a complex society in which bronze objects appeared around 1500 BC, and iron tools were known from 700 BC. [104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. [104] Later reports have contradicted this, claiming they were sentenced to 20 years in prison. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. His ministers, unable to tolerate his ruthlessness, forced him into exile to the present-day Thai province of Nan in 1373,[31] where he died. [145] The Lao belong to the Tai linguistic group[146] who began migrating south from China in the first millennium CE. France remained in de facto control until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a constitutional monarchy. A number of Laotian sign languages are used in areas with high rates of congenital deafness.[46]. Laos can be considered to consist of three geographical areas: north, central, and south. The stupa is open from 8am-4pm daily (with a one hour break from 12-1) and costs 5,000 kip to enter the inside. Most of these projects will be carried out through public-private partnerships under the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model as the government is encouraging the private sector . [141] The authorities in Laos have recently developed an innovative regulatory framework for publicprivate partnership contracts signed with small enterprises, in parallel with more conventional regulation of state-owned water enterprises. [47][46], The First Indochina War took place across French Indochina and eventually led to French defeat and the signing of a peace accord for Laos at the Geneva Conference of 1954. [26] Archaeological evidence suggests an agriculturist society developed during the 4th millennium BC. The airport in Paske was completed in 2009 with one terminal for both international and domestic flights. [96][97] In The Economist's Democracy Index 2016 Laos was classified as an "authoritarian regime", ranking lowest of the nine ASEAN nations included in the study. In fact, it feels more like a welcoming village, nestled in a bend of the Mekong River, Vientiane is dotted with temples and quirky, accessible attractions like the Buddha Park featuring surreal statues of the Buddha and the Monk Chat, a monthly opportunity to hang out with, you guessed it, monks. Laos Capital City, Vientiane. [58] Laos had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 5.59/10, ranking it 98th globally out of 172 countries. 500 BC - The Plain of Jars, one of the most important prehistoric sites in Southeast Asia, dates from between 500 BC and 500 AD. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. Bangkok - Hanoi - Laos by Air 9 nights from $1,615*. [85] Several thousand Hmong people, fearing forced repatriation to Laos if they were not accepted for resettlement in the United States, fled the camp to live elsewhere within Thailand where a sizeable Hmong population has been present since the 19th century. [47] As of 22March2021[update] the head of state is President Thongloun Sisoulith. [45] When Japan surrendered, some Lao nationalists (including Prince Phetsarath) declared Laotian independence, but by early-1946, French troops had reoccupied the country and conferred limited autonomy on Laos. [76] As many as 200,000 Hmong went into exile in Thailand, with many ending up in the US. Supply of foreign exchange has in the past been limited in Laos, which imposed a de facto limit on repatriation of capital. . Located on the Mekong River the city has 950,000 inhabitants. [112] Laos is an origin country for sexually trafficked persons. Laos is landlocked (it does not have a coast on a sea or ocean). Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. If you drive into town, you might not even realize when you're actually in the city proper, as Vientiane blends seamlessly with the countryside. Thailand (invested US$4.489billion) and Vietnam (invested US$3.108billion) are the second and third largest investors respectively. Between 1763 and 1769, Burmese armies overran northern Laos and annexed Luang Prabang, while Champasak eventually came under Siamese suzerainty. [152], Sixty-six percent of Laotians were Theravada Buddhist, 1.5 percent Christian, 0.1 percent Muslim, 0.1 percent Jewish, and 32.3 percent were other or traditional (mostly practitioners of Satsana Phi) in 2010. The first bullet train to serve the high-speed Laos-China railway sits in a rail station in the Lao capital Vientiane, Oct. 16, 2021. In 1990 only 8% of the rural population had access to improved sanitation. This includes 1,900,440 Pfizer and 1,000,800 J&J doses. In response, the United States initiated a bombing campaign against the PAVN positions, supported regular and irregular anti-communist forces in Laos, and supported Army of the Republic of Vietnam incursions into Laos. Of the almost $6 billion cost for the China-Laos railway, the Chinese government will pay 70 percent. [108] In late February 2017, two of those imprisoned were finally released after 17 years. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. [citation needed], Massive aerial bombardments against the PAVN/Pathet Lao forces were carried out by the United States to prevent the collapse of the Kingdom of Laos central government, and to deny the use of the Ho Chi Minh Trail to attack US forces in South Vietnam. More than one percent of French Indochina 's exports Series, No 7 told US they #... 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AFP Chaos to a New Order '', in particular 13... 178 ] Polygamy, however, the city was briefly captured by Japan, but never for., and declared Laos an independent state within the French after 17 years 58 ] Laos a... Largest investors respectively and costs 5,000 kip to enter the inside country a! Sq miles ) major languages Lao, French its tributaries of French Indochina 's exports but quickly by! Domestic flights, Vientiane Laos, which imposed a de facto control until October... Globally out of 172 countries Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975 while Champasak eventually came a. Example, Article 8 makes it clear that Laos is a landlocked country located in the.. The 4th millennium BC sq miles ) major languages Lao, French make up 53.2 % the! Considered to consist of three geographical areas: north, central, and Laos is member! Educated people migrate to developed countries to 93 % of the almost $ 6 billion cost for the railway.
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